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If pipeline affixed to any real property or immovables

Section 224 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes that pipeline sections affixed to real property, utilities, or navigable waters remain the exclusive property of the pipeline company and do not become part of underlying property without written consent and Regulator notice. Pipeline companies retain rights to create liens, mortgages, charges, and security interests on affixed sections under specified regulatory circumstances.

Determining compensation

Section 169 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes the Tribunal's procedure for determining compensation when amending a decision on reconsideration. The Tribunal must decide whether to award compensation for compensable damage claimed, calculate amounts per regulations accounting for prior payments, and may award authorized costs. Written notice must specify compensation awarded, cost determinations, regulatory reductions, and previously paid amounts.

Notice of non-compliance

Section 108 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes inspection officers to issue written notices of non-compliance when they have reasonable grounds to believe a person has violated the Act or its regulations. Notices must identify the recipient, describe the alleged violation with relevant facts and applicable provisions, and provide a defined period for the recipient to submit comments in response.

Statement of Organization and General Information

Salary Offset Procedures for Collecting Debts Owed by Federal Employees to the Federal Government

Prohibition

A person must obtain Canadian Energy Regulator approval of plans, profiles, and books of reference for any international or interprovincial power line section before construction begins, and must deposit certified copies in the relevant land registry offices.

Material Control and Accounting of Special Nuclear Material

Effect of appeal

An appeal of a Canadian Energy Regulator order does not automatically suspend enforcement, but the Commission may exercise discretion to grant a stay of the order pending the appeal's outcome.

Effects on navigation

The Canadian Energy Regulator must consider effects on navigation safety, including navigation safety itself, when deciding whether to issue certificates, permits, approvals, orders, directions, or exemptions for international or interprovincial power lines that cross navigable waters.

Regulations

The Governor in Council may establish regulations defining circumstances under which Indigenous knowledge shared confidentially with the Canadian Energy Regulator may be disclosed without written consent, balancing regulatory transparency with Indigenous rights protection.

Assistance to Foreign Atomic Energy Activities

10 CFR Part 810 regulates U.S. persons' participation in foreign atomic energy activities involving special nuclear material. It identifies generally authorized activities, those requiring Secretary authorization (including uranium/thorium conversion, plutonium processing, fuel fabrication, isotope separation, reactor development, and reprocessing), and establishes reporting requirements and civil penalties for violations. Excludes exports already authorized by other agencies and publicly available information.

Air Transportation of Plutonium

10 CFR Part 871 authorizes the DOE Deputy Administrator for Defense Programs to permit air transportation of plutonium under national security and public health exemptions. Air shipments are allowed for atomic weapons development, international defense cooperation, and emergency response when air transport is necessary due to security concerns, safety considerations, item preservation, or to prevent harm to national security. All authorizations must be recorded and reported to NNSA within 24 hours.

Coordination of Federal Authorizations for Electric Transmission Facilities

The Coordinated Interagency Transmission Authorizations and Permits Program (CITAP) streamlines federal permitting for electric transmission facilities by coordinating multi-agency authorizations and establishing binding deadlines. The rule creates an Integrated Interagency Pre-Application Process enabling DOE to prepare a unified environmental review document under NEPA and coordinate compliance with endangered species protections and historic preservation requirements while promoting early stakeholder engagement.

Construction — facility

Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 272, persons constructing international or interprovincial power lines crossing facilities must obtain a CER permit or certificate with facility-related conditions, secure Commission leave, or meet regulatory circumstances. The Commission may impose conditions and grant retroactive leave if work was urgent and prior notice was given.

Revocation of certificates — contravention

The Canadian Energy Regulator may revoke certificates issued under the Act if the holder breaches any condition, provided written notice of the alleged breach is issued and the holder is given an opportunity to respond before revocation.

Commission of violation

Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 117, any person who contravenes or fails to comply with designated provisions, orders, decisions, or conditions commits a violation subject to penalties determined by regulation. Penalties are designed to promote compliance rather than punish.

Public Service Superannuation Act

Section 91 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines superannuation eligibility under the Public Service Superannuation Act, extending coverage to full-time commissioners, the CEO, and Regulator employees while explicitly excluding part-time commissioners and directors.

Definitions

Section 296 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes definitions for Part 2, defining 'authorization' as permission issued under section 298 and 'debris' as facilities, equipment, or systems placed during authorized work that were abandoned without authorization or displaced during operations. Provincial references in Part 2 apply to onshore areas of the Northwest Territories as defined in the Northwest Territories Act.

Regulations

The Governor in Council may establish regulations governing offshore renewable energy projects and power lines, addressing safety, security, and environmental protection. Regulations may prohibit introduction of specified substances or forms of energy, establish record management and disclosure requirements, and provide arbitration procedures for disputes.

Powers of company

Section 313 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act grants pipeline companies authority to survey land, acquire property, construct pipelines across public and private holdings, interconnect with other infrastructure, erect supporting structures, and transport hydrocarbons and other commodities, subject to regulatory approval and applicable legislation.

Prohibition — obstruction

Section 106 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act prohibits any person from obstructing or hindering inspection officers while they exercise their powers or perform their duties and functions under the Act.

Information confidential

Inspection officers under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act are prohibited from disclosing confidential information about secret processes or trade secrets obtained during regulatory duties, except when disclosure is necessary for Act purposes or required by law.

Standards for Protection Against Radiation

Definitions

Section 93 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines key terms for pipeline claims proceedings: compensable damage (costs, losses, and damages awarded by the Tribunal), holder (entities holding certificates, permits, or authorizations for regulated facilities, pipelines, power lines, or abandonment permits), and Tribunal (the pipeline claims tribunal).

Orders

The Canadian Energy Regulator may issue orders requiring facility holders to repair, reconstruct, or alter regulated facilities to ensure safety, security, and environmental protection. Orders can be directed at Indigenous bodies, governments, third parties, and others. Non-compliance authorizes the Regulator to take direct action or engage third parties, with liability protection for good-faith interventions.

Licensing Requirements for Land Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Regulations

Section 96 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes the Regulator to establish regulations governing the design, construction, operation, and abandonment of interprovincial and international pipelines and designated power lines. Regulations must address surveillance, monitoring, safety, security, and environmental protection, and require operators to maintain management systems that incorporate human and organizational factors.

Administrative Claims Under Federal Tort Claims Act

10 CFR Part 1014 establishes procedures for filing administrative claims under the Federal Tort Claims Act against the Department of Energy for personal injury, property damage, or death caused by negligent or wrongful acts of DOE employees. Claims must be submitted using Standard Form 95 to the appropriate DOE office, may be amended before final action, and may be filed by the injured party, property owner, estate representative, or authorized agent.

Offence and punishment — duty to assist and orders

Section 112 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes criminal penalties for non-compliance with CER duties and orders. Violations of section 103(4) or failure to comply with section 109 orders result in fines up to $1,000,000 and/or five years imprisonment on indictment, or up to $100,000 and/or one year on summary conviction. Contraventions of sections 106 and 107 carry summary conviction fines of up to $100,000 for first offences and up to $300,000 for subsequent offences.

Review

The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission must conduct or arrange reviews of violation notices upon request. When a violation notice was issued by a designated person under the CER Act, the Commission must conduct the review directly without delegation.

Object of review

Section 128 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes the administrative review process for regulatory penalties. The Commission or reviewing officer determines whether penalties were correctly calculated per regulations and whether violations occurred, issuing written determinations with reasons. Miscalculated penalties must be corrected. Determinations are final and binding, subject only to judicial review by the Federal Court.

Payment

Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 130, payment of a penalty specified in a notice of violation constitutes an admission of the violation and terminates all related proceedings.

Recovery of loss, damage, costs, expenses

Section 137 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act imposes joint and several liability on pipeline operators and contractors for unintended or uncontrolled releases of oil, gas, or other commodities. Liable parties must cover actual losses, response costs, and loss of non-use value. Liability is capped at $1 billion for major pipelines (≥250,000 barrels/day capacity); smaller pipelines face prescribed regulatory amounts. Claims recover in Canadian courts with priority ranking favoring actual loss over cost recovery, which ranks above non-use value claims.

Tenure

Section 147 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines tenure provisions for Tribunal members, establishing that they hold office during good behaviour and may be removed by the Governor in Council for cause or if the Tribunal has no ongoing work.

Definitions

Section 373 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines key terms for the division governing energy exports, including references to free trade agreements (CCFTA, CCRFTA, CUSMA) and defines 'energy goods' as commodities requiring a licence, permit, or regulatory order for exportation under this Part.

Reporting of Defects and Noncompliance

Environmental Protection Regulations for Domestic Licensing and Related Regulatory Functions

Criteria and Procedures for Emergency Access to Non-Federal and Regional Low-Level Waste Disposal Facilities

Jurisdiction of courts

Section 144 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act clarifies that regulatory provisions do not restrict court jurisdiction over pipeline release matters, preserving judicial authority in such cases.

Public notice

The Canadian Energy Regulator must immediately notify the public when a compensation tribunal is established, including publication in the Canada Gazette detailing the tribunal's purpose and procedures for filing compensation claims.

Grounds

Tribunal decisions under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act are final and binding, subject only to judicial review under the Federal Courts Act on limited grounds including lack of jurisdiction, procedural fairness, and patent unreasonableness.

Staff and facilities

The Canadian Energy Regulator must provide tribunals with professional, technical, secretarial, clerical, and other necessary assistance, along with facilities and supplies required for tribunals to exercise their regulatory powers and perform their duties.

Statutory Instruments Act

Orders issued by the Canadian Energy Regulator Commission under this Part are explicitly excluded from the definition of statutory instruments under the Statutory Instruments Act, clarifying the regulatory status of CER orders.

Application — Special Act lands

Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, any provision or regulation that applies to ordinary lands automatically extends to Special Act lands, ensuring uniform regulatory oversight and compliance requirements across all land categories within the regulator's jurisdiction.

Written submissions

Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 158, a Tribunal may examine and adjudicate compensation claims or reconsideration applications based solely on written submissions, without requiring oral hearings.

Orders of Commission

The Canadian Energy Regulator may issue orders determining compensation for pipeline and abandoned pipeline projects, including land acquisition, leasing, use restrictions, and damages from company activities during planning, construction, operation, or abandonment phases, with compensation assessments guided by statutory factors.

Human Reliability Program

10 CFR Part 712 establishes the Human Reliability Program for DOE and NNSA to ensure individuals with access to nuclear materials, explosives, and facilities meet high standards of reliability and suitability. The program applies continuous evaluation to DOE/NNSA employees and contractors in designated positions, assessing conditions affecting judgment including substance abuse, mental/physical disorders, and security concerns.

Allegations of Research Misconduct

10 CFR Part 733 establishes Department of Energy policy for handling allegations of research misconduct in federally funded research. Research misconduct is defined as fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, excluding honest error. DOE Elements must consult with the Office of the Inspector General upon receiving allegations and implement misconduct requirements in contracts and financial assistance agreements.

Safeguards on Nuclear Material—Implementation of Safeguards Agreements Between the United States and the International Atomic Energy Agency

Reasons

The Canadian Energy Regulator and its designated officers must issue written reasons for all decisions and orders, which must be made publicly available except for decisions concerning only internal administrative matters.