Global regulations corpus
Browse 15,074 regulations from 36 regulators
2,983 updated in the last 30 days. Public corpus — no signup required to read.
Showing 51–100 of 395 regulations
Jurisdiction
The Canadian Energy Regulator has exclusive jurisdiction to investigate non-compliance with the Act and authorization conditions, inquire into accidents involving pipelines, abandoned pipelines, international power lines, and offshore renewable energy projects, and issue findings, recommendations, and orders in the public interest.
Extension or improvement
The Canadian Energy Regulator may direct natural gas pipeline operators to extend or improve facilities to interconnect with local distribution networks and serve municipalities or adjacent communities, provided no undue burden is imposed on the operator and service to existing customers is not impaired.
Maximum validity — liquefied natural gas
Canadian regulation setting a maximum 50-year validity period for liquefied natural gas (LNG) export licenses under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act. LNG is defined as natural gas in liquid state composed of at least 85% methane with other hydrocarbons and minor non-hydrocarbon gases.
Replacement of panel member during hearing
Section 48 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes procedures for replacing panel commissioners during hearings. If a commissioner becomes unavailable or resigns during a hearing, the Lead Commissioner may appoint a replacement to continue the hearing and participate in the decision. If unavailability occurs after the hearing concludes but before the decision is finalized, remaining commissioners may proceed unanimously to make the decision without replacement.
Coming into force and cessation of effect — Commission
Section 67 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act empowers the Commission, designated officers, and inspection officers to specify effective and cessation dates for authorization documents and orders, or impose conditions controlling their timing. Interim orders may be issued with decisions reserved, except for Part 3 certificates.
Conditions
Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 65, the Commission, designated officers, and inspection officers have broad authority to impose any conditions they deem appropriate in decisions or orders issued under the Act.
Alternative dispute resolution
The Canadian Energy Regulator must provide alternative dispute resolution processes for disputes under the Act when all parties consent. Results are non-binding but may be considered by the Commission or designated officers in their decisions and may be made public with party consent.
Public Service Superannuation Act
Section 91 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines superannuation eligibility under the Public Service Superannuation Act, extending coverage to full-time commissioners, the CEO, and Regulator employees while explicitly excluding part-time commissioners and directors.
Authorization to continue
Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 51, the Lead Commissioner may authorize a departing commissioner to continue exercising regulatory powers in assigned matters until final decisions are issued, subject to conditions specified by the Lead Commissioner.
Use of government agencies
The Canadian Energy Regulator must utilize Government of Canada agencies to obtain technical, economic, and statistical information and advice when exercising its powers and performing duties under sections 80 to 84 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act.
Regulations
Section 96 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes the Regulator to establish regulations governing the design, construction, operation, and abandonment of interprovincial and international pipelines and designated power lines. Regulations must address surveillance, monitoring, safety, security, and environmental protection, and require operators to maintain management systems that incorporate human and organizational factors.
Enforcement of orders
Canadian Energy Regulator decisions and orders may be registered with Federal or provincial superior courts and enforced as court orders by filing a certified copy with the court registrar. If a registered decision is subsequently rescinded or varied, the court order is vacated and the modified decision may be re-registered following standard court procedures.
Confidentiality
The Canadian Energy Regulator or a designated officer may take enforcement measures and issue orders to ensure compliance with confidentiality and information disclosure obligations under section 58 and related regulations.
Regulations
Section 78 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act grants the Governor in Council authority to make regulations governing the Minister's power to enter into arrangements under section 77, including rules for procedures, applicable circumstances, required contents, and modifications to statutory or regulatory provisions.
Service Fees Act
Section 88 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act exempts the CER from the federal Service Fees Act, allowing it to independently set and collect fees, levies, and charges for regulating energy infrastructure projects without federal fee-setting constraints.
Construction or operation
A person must obtain a permit under section 248 or a certificate under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act before constructing or operating an international or interprovincial power line that crosses navigable waters.
Jurisdiction — Inuvialuit Settlement Region
The Canadian Energy Regulator has regulatory jurisdiction over onshore oil and gas operations in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories until March 31, 2034. After that date, continued federal regulation requires mutual agreement between Canada and the Northwest Territories, renewable in successive 20-year periods or subject to earlier termination by agreement.
Designated officers
The Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Energy Regulator may designate employees as designated officers authorized to exercise regulatory functions and powers under the Act.
Conflict of Interest Act
Canadian Energy Regulator commissioners must disclose conflicts of interest including direct involvement in hydrocarbon, electricity, or offshore energy production, trading, transmission, or import/export; holdings in energy corporation securities; incompatible employment; or employment with the Regulator itself.
Criteria
Before issuing an oil or gas licence, the Canadian Energy Regulator must consider all relevant factors including equitable distribution of designated oil and gas resources across Canada. Sections 348 to 351 of the Act apply to such licences.
Public engagement
The Canadian Energy Regulator must establish processes for meaningful public engagement, particularly with Indigenous peoples and organizations, during public hearings held under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act.
Publication of order
Orders issued by the Canadian Energy Regulator under sections 191 or 192 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act must be published in the Canada Gazette within 15 days of issuance.
Approval of deviations
Pipeline companies must submit detailed plans, profiles, and reference documentation to the Canadian Energy Regulator for approval of deviations from previously approved or constructed pipelines. The Regulator may exempt submission requirements if deviations serve public purposes or benefit the pipeline, provided deviations do not exceed Commission-specified distance limits from the original centerline.
Orders
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may exempt pipelines up to 40 km long, previously constructed pipelines, and associated infrastructure (tanks, compressors, storage facilities) from specified regulatory provisions. Exemption applications must be decided within 300 days of complete submission; the Lead Commissioner may exclude certain periods with public disclosure, and the Minister may grant extensions. The Commission may impose conditions on exemptions.
If pipeline affixed to any real property or immovables
Section 224 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes that pipeline sections affixed to real property, utilities, or navigable waters remain the exclusive property of the pipeline company and do not become part of underlying property without written consent and Regulator notice. Pipeline companies retain rights to create liens, mortgages, charges, and security interests on affixed sections under specified regulatory circumstances.
Definition of tariff
Section 225 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act defines tariff as a schedule of tolls, conditions, classifications, practices, and rules applicable to energy service provision by regulated companies, including toll calculation methodologies.
Application of provisions in Part 6
Section 306 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act extends Part 6 regulatory provisions to offshore power lines in provincial waters. Pipeline transportation requirements are adapted for electricity transmission, with applicants and authorization holders required to comply with specified sections. Exemptions apply for facility-sharing and shared-use arrangements where regulatory leave or authorization conditions are obtained.
Information confidential
Inspection officers under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act are prohibited from disclosing confidential information about secret processes or trade secrets obtained during regulatory duties, except when disclosure is necessary for Act purposes or required by law.
Recovery of overpayment
Section 166 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes that overpayments to claimants, amounts paid under rescinded tribunal decisions, and excess amounts from amended decisions are debts owed to Canada, recoverable under the Financial Administration Act.
Inconsistencies
Section 43 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes regulatory hierarchy, providing that instructions issued under section 41 and measures taken under section 42(1) take precedence over rules made under section 35 in cases of conflict or inconsistency.
Orphan pipelines
Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, a designated officer may declare a pipeline an orphan pipeline if the certificate-holding company cannot be located, is unknown, insolvent, bankrupt, in receivership, or dissolved. Persons named in prior regulatory orders or authorized under Special Acts are deemed certificate holders for orphan pipeline designation purposes.
Definitions
Section 2 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes statutory definitions for federal energy infrastructure regulation, including abandoned facilities and pipelines, oil and gas exports and imports, ground disturbance thresholds for pipeline protection, and incorporates Indigenous governing bodies and knowledge in energy decision-making processes.
Methods of acquisition or lease
Canadian pipeline companies acquiring or leasing land must include contractual provisions for compensation (lump-sum or periodic payments reviewed every five years), operational damages, indemnification (excluding owner gross negligence or willful misconduct), land-use restrictions, and compensation for adverse effects on remaining lands.
Matters to be taken into account
The Canadian Energy Regulator must consider all written submissions and public hearing representations when approving pipeline construction plans, routes, and methods. The Regulator may approve sections where no submissions have been filed.
Rules
The Canadian Energy Regulator Tribunal may establish procedural rules governing compensation claims and reconsideration applications, including filing procedures, required information, hearing conduct, evidence formats, and quorum requirements.
Notice of proposed acquisition or lease of lands
Pipeline companies must notify all identifiable landowners of lands required for pipeline construction or operation, providing detailed descriptions of required lands, compensation valuations, route approval procedures, and dispute resolution options. Pre-notice agreements are void, and companies are liable for all damages if they subsequently abandon acquisition or lease plans.
Section 3
This section has been repealed and contains no active regulatory content.
Financial resources
Applicants for Canadian Energy Regulator authorizations must demonstrate sufficient financial resources to cover Commission-determined amounts through prescribed forms or Regulator-specified methods. Proof must remain valid throughout the duration of authorized work or activity.
Purpose of Act
The Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes federal regulatory authority over pipelines, power lines, offshore renewable energy facilities, and oil and gas exploration and exploitation. It mandates safe, secure, and efficient construction, operation, and abandonment while protecting people, property, and the environment, regulates energy product trade, and ensures fair, transparent, and efficient regulatory decision-making processes.
Conflict of Interest Act
Canadian Energy Regulator directors must disclose conflicts of interest, including direct involvement in hydrocarbon, electricity, or offshore energy production, trading, transmission, import/export; holdings of securities in energy corporations; and outside employment inconsistent with regulatory duties.
Vacancy
A vacancy on the board of directors of the Canadian Energy Regulator does not impair the authority or legal right of the remaining directors to act and conduct business.
Power to act on own initiative
The Canadian Energy Regulator may independently initiate inquiries, hearings, and determinations on any matter within its statutory jurisdiction without requiring an external application or complaint.
Orders and prohibitions
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may issue binding orders requiring compliance with the CER Act and authorization conditions, and may prohibit activities that violate the Act or breach authorization terms or Commission directives.
Instructions regarding timeliness
The Lead Commissioner of the Canadian Energy Regulator may issue procedural instructions to commissioners handling applications to ensure timely processing and resolution of matters before the Commission.
Lead Commissioner’s powers
Section 49 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act preserves the Lead Commissioner's independent authority to issue corrective and preventive enforcement measures against energy sector entities, ensuring regulatory discretion is not constrained by procedural requirements elsewhere in the Act.
Security regulations
The Canadian Energy Regulator is authorized to establish security regulations for pipelines, international power lines, and offshore renewable energy projects, including standards, plans, and audit requirements. Violations are criminal offences with penalties up to $100,000 and one year imprisonment on summary conviction, or $500,000 and five years on indictment, though a due diligence defence is available.
Regulations
The Governor in Council may establish regulations defining circumstances under which Indigenous knowledge shared confidentially with the Canadian Energy Regulator may be disclosed without written consent, balancing regulatory transparency with Indigenous rights protection.
Participant funding program
The Canadian Energy Regulator must establish a participant funding program to enable public participation, particularly Indigenous peoples and organizations, in regulatory hearings and proceedings related to energy projects under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act.
Relief
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may grant applications wholly or partially and may impose additional or alternative relief beyond what was requested. This discretionary authority does not apply to certificate applications under Part 3 of the Act.
Collaborative processes
The Canadian Energy Regulator may establish collaborative arrangements with government bodies and Indigenous organizations to develop joint decision-making processes for coordinating energy sector regulation and project approvals.