China’s provincial-level governments have now all published their 15th five-year plans – economic and social... The post Q&A: What do China’s provincial five-year plans say about climate and energy? appeared first on Carbon Brief .
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China’s provincial-level governments have now all published their 15th five-year plans – economic and social...
The post Q&A: What do China’s provincial five-year plans say about climate and energy? appeared first on Carbon Brief.
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The 2010 HNS Convention enters into force on 29 November 2027, establishing the first international liability and compensation regime for maritime accidents involving hazardous and noxious substances. Shipowners face strict liability and must maintain certified insurance; an HNS Fund capped at 250 million SDR compensates for death, injury, property damage, environmental harm and cleanup costs from incidents involving over 2,000 hazardous substances including chemicals, oils, acids, and alternative fuels like LNG and LPG.
The IMO adopted the MASS Code, a non-mandatory international framework for autonomous and remotely operated cargo ships, effective 1 July 2026. The goal-based Code establishes safety, security and environmental standards equivalent to conventional vessels, requires SOLAS compliance, emphasizes cybersecurity, risk assessment, remote operations centres, and human oversight with the master retaining responsibility. A mandatory version is targeted for adoption by 1 July 2030.
The IMO, UNHCR, and International Chamber of Shipping released a revised Rescue Guide to strengthen humanitarian and legal protections for refugees and migrants in distress at sea. The guide provides practical procedures for safe rescue and disembarkation under international law, emphasizing the duty to rescue without discrimination and protection from refoulement, available in six languages.