China has begun taxing lithium-ion batteries at 2% from Sept. 1, 2026, ending a decade-long exemption; the rate will rise to 4% in September 2027, while emerging technologies such as sodium-ion and solid-state batteries remain temporarily exempt. The tax applies to cells, packs and battery clusters—not complete BESS—and is expected to modestly raise domestic storage costs, while directly exported batteries remain exempt.
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