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Relocation
The Canadian Energy Regulator may order pipeline companies to relocate pipelines when necessary for safety, environmental protection, public infrastructure projects, or to prevent interference with drainage systems. The regulator determines cost allocation among parties, ensures procedural compliance with prior consultation requirements, and may award reasonable costs to regulatory proceeding participants.
Determining compensation
Section 169 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes the Tribunal's procedure for determining compensation when amending a decision on reconsideration. The Tribunal must decide whether to award compensation for compensable damage claimed, calculate amounts per regulations accounting for prior payments, and may award authorized costs. Written notice must specify compensation awarded, cost determinations, regulatory reductions, and previously paid amounts.
Replacement of commissioner during hearing
Procedural rule under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act allowing the Lead Commissioner to designate a replacement commissioner to continue hearings or render decisions if the assigned commissioner becomes unable to act or resigns during proceedings or between hearing conclusion and decision issuance.
Regulations — Governor in Council
Section 372 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes the Governor in Council to establish regulations governing the export licensing, movement, and inspection of designated oil and gas from Canada. The Regulator may prescribe license application requirements, validity periods, export quantities, inspection standards for related equipment and records, and measurement units for oil and gas transportation.
Disallowance
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may disallow tariffs or portions thereof that violate the Canadian Energy Regulator Act or Commission orders, and may require companies to file compliant replacement tariffs within a prescribed timeframe or prescribe alternative tariffs directly.
Limitation
Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 241 requires pipeline companies to obtain Commission approval before abandoning any pipeline. Companies must notify affected landowners and publish notices in local media. Mandatory public hearings apply if written opposition is filed unless withdrawn or deemed frivolous. The Commission may impose conditions on abandonment approvals, and companies remain liable for abandoned pipelines.
Effect of election
Section 260 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes that filing an election under section 259 for international power lines prevents new permit issuance, converts pending applications to certificate applications, and revokes existing permits or certificates. Applicants or permit holders who file the election and are acquiring or leasing land become liable for all damages and reasonable costs incurred by landowners from abandonment of such acquisition or lease.
Variation or transfer of permits
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may vary or transfer permits issued under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act either on its own motion or upon application. When varying or transferring a permit, the Commission may impose new or modified conditions it deems necessary to advance the Act's purposes and provisions.
Recovery of loss, etc., caused by debris
Section 302 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes strict liability for losses, damages, and costs arising from debris generated during authorized energy work. Authorization holders are liable up to $1 billion (with reduced limits in Arctic Waters), while parties responsible for debris are jointly and severally liable based on fault. Claims prioritize personal losses, then government costs, then non-use value losses (recoverable only by government).
Proof of financial responsibility
Under Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 304, applicants for CER authorization must provide proof of financial responsibility (letter of credit, guarantee, indemnity bond, or other acceptable form). This proof must remain in force throughout the authorized activity. The Regulator may draw on these funds for eligible claims, with amounts recovered offset against subsequent legal liability awards.
Construction or operation
A person must obtain a permit under section 248 or a certificate under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act before constructing or operating an international or interprovincial power line that crosses navigable waters.
Rules of General Applicability to Domestic Licensing of Byproduct Material
10 CFR Part 30 establishes NRC licensing requirements for domestic possession, production, transfer, and use of byproduct material, including accelerator-produced radioactive material and radium-226 sources. The regulation prescribes general applicability rules, defines licensed activities, and sets compliance deadlines for government agencies and Indian Tribes (2007–2009). It also subjects suppliers of components and services to enforcement action for violations.
Grounds for making order
Section 109 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes inspection officers to issue orders directing persons to cease contraventions, implement compliance measures, or prevent hazards to safety, security, property, or the environment. Orders may suspend facility operations until remediation is complete, with mandatory written notice and reporting to the Commission.
Licenses and Radiation Safety Requirements for Well Logging
10 CFR Part 39 establishes licensing and radiation safety requirements for the use of licensed materials—including sealed sources, radioactive tracers, markers, and uranium sinker bars—in well logging operations. The regulation prescribes definitions, operational requirements, supervisory standards, and compliance obligations for persons handling radioactive sources at temporary jobsites, including personal supervision, safety reviews, and cross-referenced NRC regulatory provisions.
Reporting Requirements for Waste Nuclear Substance Licensees, Class II Nuclear Facilities and Users of Prescribed Equipment, Nuclear Substances and Radiation Devices
REGDOC-3.1.3 establishes mandatory reporting requirements for Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission licensees managing waste nuclear substances, Class II nuclear facilities, and users of prescribed equipment and radiation devices. Licensees must report events, dangerous occurrences and situations within specified timeframes and submit annual compliance reports, following a risk-informed approach aligned with national and international nuclear safety standards.
Offence and punishment
Section 99 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes criminal penalties for violating CER orders or regulations. Penalties include fines up to CAD 1 million and/or five years imprisonment on indictment, or CAD 100,000 and/or one year on summary conviction.
Application for certificate
Pipeline companies applying to the Canadian Energy Regulator for a certificate must submit detailed maps showing the pipeline's general location along with required plans and specifications. Applicants must file copies with provincial attorneys general, and the Regulator must ensure public notice through newspaper publication or other appropriate media.
Enforcement of orders
Canadian Energy Regulator decisions and orders may be registered with Federal or provincial superior courts and enforced as court orders by filing a certified copy with the court registrar. If a registered decision is subsequently rescinded or varied, the court order is vacated and the modified decision may be re-registered following standard court procedures.
Assets of company subject to executions
Section 341 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act clarifies that the Act does not restrict financial or legal transactions involving company assets, including court-ordered asset sales, creation of liens, mortgages, and enforcement of security interests. Such transactions remain subject to applicable provincial laws where the property is located.
Requirements for Renewal of Operating Licenses for Nuclear Power Plants
This regulation establishes requirements for renewal of operating licenses for nuclear power plants under the Atomic Energy Act. It defines key terms including current licensing basis, integrated plant assessment, and time-limited aging analyses. The rule specifies that license renewal applies to both safety-related and nonsafety-related systems, structures, and components that must be assessed for aging management to maintain acceptable safety levels during extended operation beyond the initial 40-year license term.
Authorization — powers, duties and functions
The Lead Commissioner of the Canadian Energy Regulator may delegate regulatory powers, duties, and functions to commissioners, either jointly or individually, except for procedural, appellate, investigative, enforcement, and review matters under specified sections. Actions taken under delegation are deemed performed by the Commission itself.
Information Dissemination: Licensing Process for Class I Nuclear Facilities and Uranium Mines and Mills, Version 2.1
REGDOC-3.5.1 outlines the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission's licensing process for Class I nuclear facilities and uranium mines and mills. All persons and companies must obtain a CNSC licence before site preparation, construction, operation, decommissioning, or abandonment of nuclear facilities, or possession, use, transport, and storage of nuclear substances under the Nuclear Safety and Control Act. Version 2.1 is an administrative update reflecting January 2022 organizational changes to the Commission Secretariat and Secretary roles.
Pre-licensing Review of a Vendor’s Reactor Design
REGDOC-3.5.4 describes the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission's optional pre-licensing review service for nuclear reactor vendor designs. The service assesses designs for safety, security, and safeguards compliance to identify regulatory or technical issues early and increase certainty, but does not certify designs, bind future licensing decisions, or constitute a required part of the licensing process.
Confidentiality — Indigenous knowledge
Section 58 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act protects the confidentiality of Indigenous knowledge shared with the Regulator. Disclosure without written consent is prohibited, except when the knowledge is publicly available, necessary for procedural fairness in legal proceedings (with mandatory prior consultation), or authorized by regulation. The Regulator may impose conditions on disclosure and has immunity from liability for good-faith disclosures.
Authorization — report
Section 46 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes the Lead Commissioner to designate commissioners to report on Commission matters and applications. Authorized commissioners possess full investigatory and evidentiary powers for information gathering. Reports may be formally adopted as Commission decisions or handled otherwise as deemed appropriate.
Matters to be taken into account
The Canadian Energy Regulator must consider all written submissions and public hearing representations when approving pipeline construction plans, routes, and methods. The Regulator may approve sections where no submissions have been filed.
Relocation
The Canadian Energy Regulator may order holders of international or interprovincial power line permits or certificates to relocate infrastructure when necessary to facilitate construction or relocation of other facilities. The regulator determines cost allocation between parties, requires mandatory consultation procedures, and may order reimbursement of reasonable costs incurred by persons making submissions.
Definitions
Section 2 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes statutory definitions for federal energy infrastructure regulation, including abandoned facilities and pipelines, oil and gas exports and imports, ground disturbance thresholds for pipeline protection, and incorporates Indigenous governing bodies and knowledge in energy decision-making processes.
Authority to enter
Section 103 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act authorizes inspection officers to enter non-dwelling facilities without warrant to verify compliance with energy regulations. Officers may examine equipment, access computer systems, conduct tests and sampling, take photographs, remove items for analysis, and direct operational changes. Property owners must provide reasonable assistance and access to documents and information.
Design of Uranium Mines and Mills: Ventilation Systems, Version 1.1
REGDOC-2.5.4 is a Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission regulatory guide for ventilation system design in uranium mines and mills. It establishes requirements for ventilation-related information in licence applications for site preparation, construction, operation, and decommissioning of underground and surface licensable areas, applying a risk-informed, graded approach to protect worker and radiation safety consistent with modern national and international nuclear standards.
Powers of liquidators, trustees, etc.
Section 5 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act expands the definition of 'company' for regulatory purposes to include liquidators, receivers, managers, and trustees authorized to operate businesses; persons operating pre-1953 pipelines or exempted pipelines; Quebec court-appointed administrators; and successors handling abandoned pipelines.
Measures to meet time limit
Section 42 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act grants the Lead Commissioner authority to take administrative measures to ensure prescribed time limits for energy applications are met, including removing or reassigning commissioners, adjusting panel composition, or designating a single commissioner to handle the application.
Site Evaluation and Site Preparation for New Reactor Facilities, Version 1.3
REGDOC-1.1.1 establishes Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission requirements for site evaluation and preparation of new reactor facilities, including nuclear power plants and small modular reactors. Applicants must characterize sites, assess severe external events and multiple simultaneous accidents, and demonstrate adequate safety measures during site preparation and construction using a risk-informed, graded approach.
Orders
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may issue orders governing the design, construction, operation, and abandonment of facilities crossing interprovincial and international power lines. Orders authorize facility crossings, regulate ground disturbances, govern vehicle operation, allocate construction costs, and specify activities. The Regulator may also make complementary regulations with Governor in Council approval.
Confidentiality
The Canadian Energy Regulator or a designated officer may take enforcement measures and issue orders to ensure compliance with confidentiality and information disclosure obligations under section 58 and related regulations.
Authorization to continue
Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act section 51, the Lead Commissioner may authorize a departing commissioner to continue exercising regulatory powers in assigned matters until final decisions are issued, subject to conditions specified by the Lead Commissioner.
Exemption orders
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may issue conditional exemption orders relieving regulated facility holders from specific regulatory provisions when necessary to ensure safety and security of persons and facilities, protect property, or safeguard the environment.
Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) for Reactor Facilities, Version 2
REGDOC-2.4.2 Version 3 establishes requirements for probabilistic safety assessments (PSA) at Canadian reactor facilities including nuclear power plants, small reactors, and research reactors. Licensees must conduct systematic analyses demonstrating facility designs protect people and the environment from radiation, achieve balanced designs without disproportionate risk contributions, and prevent cliff-edge effects, using a graded approach aligned with IAEA standards.
Replacement of panel member during hearing
Section 48 of the Canadian Energy Regulator Act establishes procedures for replacing panel commissioners during hearings. If a commissioner becomes unavailable or resigns during a hearing, the Lead Commissioner may appoint a replacement to continue the hearing and participate in the decision. If unavailability occurs after the hearing concludes but before the decision is finalized, remaining commissioners may proceed unanimously to make the decision without replacement.
Supplemental Information for Small Modular Reactor Proponents, Version 1.1
REGDOC-1.1.5 provides supplemental guidance for Small Modular Reactor (SMR) licence applicants to Canada's Nuclear Safety Commission. It establishes a risk-informed, graded approach for water-cooled and advanced reactors ranging from megawatts to several hundred megawatts, supporting licence applications for site preparation, construction, operation, and decommissioning stages.
Orders
The Canadian Energy Regulator Commission may exempt pipelines up to 40 km long, previously constructed pipelines, and associated infrastructure (tanks, compressors, storage facilities) from specified regulatory provisions. Exemption applications must be decided within 300 days of complete submission; the Lead Commissioner may exclude certain periods with public disclosure, and the Minister may grant extensions. The Commission may impose conditions on exemptions.
Standard Specifications for the Granting of Patent Licenses
This regulation establishes standard specifications for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to grant patent licenses on inventions vested in or controlled by the Commission under the Atomic Energy Act of 1954. It defines NRC inventions and foreign inventions, sets procedures for license applications and electronic communications, and specifies that only written interpretations by the General Counsel are binding on the Commission.
Instructions regarding timeliness
The Lead Commissioner of the Canadian Energy Regulator may issue procedural instructions to commissioners handling applications to ensure timely processing and resolution of matters before the Commission.
Immediate right of entry
The Canadian Energy Regulator may issue orders granting companies immediate right of entry to lands following written application, provided landowners receive 30–60 days' advance notice detailing the entry purpose, application and access dates, regulator contact information for objections, and compensation advance details.
Alternative dispute resolution
The Canadian Energy Regulator must provide alternative dispute resolution processes for disputes under the Act when all parties consent. Results are non-binding but may be considered by the Commission or designated officers in their decisions and may be made public with party consent.
Domestic Licensing of Special Nuclear Material
10 CFR Part 70 establishes NRC procedures and criteria for issuing domestic licenses to receive, own, possess, use, and transfer special nuclear material. The regulation applies to all US persons and defines key licensing requirements, relevant definitions (acute exposure, alert conditions, atomic weapons), and references related rules for spent fuel storage, uranium enrichment facilities, and physical security.
Reporting Requirements, Volume I: Non-Power Reactor Class I Facilities and Uranium Mines and Mills, Version 1.1
REGDOC-3.1.2 establishes reporting requirements for Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission licensees operating Class I non-power reactor facilities, uranium mines, and mills. Licensees must submit operational compliance reports, significant event notifications, and business activity notifications using a risk-graded approach. This document consolidates and replaces four prior regulatory documents governing uranium refining, fuel fabrication, and processing facility reporting.
Delay of issuance
The Canadian Energy Regulator may recommend to the Minister that an electricity export application be designated by Governor in Council order and may delay permit issuance during this process. The Commission must avoid duplicating provincial measures, consider effects on other provinces, verify the applicant offered domestic buyers fair access to available electricity at comparable terms, and account for regulatory factors.
Environmental Protection Regulations for Domestic Licensing and Related Regulatory Functions
10 CFR Part 51 establishes environmental protection regulations for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission's domestic licensing and regulatory functions. The regulations implement Section 102(2) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 and apply to NRC licensing proceedings for production, utilization, and materials facilities, excluding export licensing and foreign environmental effects. Key definitions include construction activities, previously disturbed areas, and NRC organizational roles.
Examination of site of mining operations
Under the Canadian Energy Regulator Act, pipeline companies may enter mining or prospecting sites within or near their rights-of-way with 24 hours' written notice and regulatory authorization to inspect whether operations pose safety or security risks to the pipeline or persons. Companies may use site equipment to measure distances from the pipeline to operations.