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Using unbound incinerator bottom ash aggregate in construction: RPS 325
Environment Agency regulatory position on using unbound incinerator bottom ash aggregate (IBAA) in construction.
Regulation (EU) 2026/697 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2026 on cooperation among enforcement authorities responsible for the enforcement of Directive (EU) 2019/633 on unfair trading practices in business-to-business relationships in the agricultural and food supply chain
This EU regulation establishes cooperation mechanisms among national enforcement authorities to combat unfair trading practices in agricultural and food supply chains. It strengthens cross-border enforcement of Directive (EU) 2019/633 by enabling information sharing, joint investigations, and coordinated penalty imposition where suppliers face exploitation by larger buyers, addressing power imbalances that harm farmers' living standards.
Regulation (EU) 2026/697 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2026 on cooperation among enforcement authorities responsible for the enforcement of Directive (EU) 2019/633 on unfair trading practices in business-to-business relationships in the agricultural and food supply chain
This EU regulation establishes cooperation mechanisms among enforcement authorities to combat unfair trading practices in agricultural and food supply chains, as defined under Directive (EU) 2019/633. It addresses cross-border enforcement challenges by strengthening information-sharing and coordinated investigations between Member States' authorities to ensure uniform protection for agricultural suppliers and farmers against exploitative buyer practices.
Plug-in solar: Regulatory amendment and interim product specification
We're seeking views on proposals to enable the safe and legal use of plug-in solar (plug-in microgeneration) products in the UK.
WEEE: evidence and national protocols guidance
How to issue evidence, meet and report on recovery and recycling targets and apply protocols on waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE).
Eskdalemuir seismic array: revised approach to managing onshore wind turbine interference
Proposals for an updated approach to managing onshore wind turbine interference with the Eskdalemuir seismic array.
SR2024 No 2: using unbound incinerator bottom ash aggregate in construction
Standard rules for unbound incinerator bottom ash aggregate (IBAA) in construction as a deposit for recovery operation.
Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) public registers
Registers of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) producers, approved exporters, approved authorised treatment facilities and producer compliance schemes.
Recovering unused waste plastics coded 16 03 06: RPS 273
Environment Agency regulatory position on storing, treating and using plastic waste coded 16 03 06, when this waste code is not in your environmental permit or waste exemption.
Large Load Controllers: Tier 1 Cyber Assessment Framework and associated guidance
We're seeking views on a proposed Cyber Assessment Framework (CAF) profile for large electricity load controllers.
Environmental Quality
NASA establishes environmental quality policy requiring all NASA headquarters and field installations to protect and enhance environmental quality through systematic planning, research, and coordination with federal, state, and local authorities. The regulation assigns responsibility to the Associate Administrator for Management to coordinate environmental policies, develop agencywide standards and procedures, and ensure environmental factors are considered in all NASA decisions and actions.
Organization and Definitions
14 CFR Part 401 establishes the organizational structure and definitions governing commercial space transportation regulation in the United States. The Office of Commercial Space Transportation, located within the Federal Aviation Administration, is headed by an Associate Administrator responsible for licensing, permitting, and regulating commercial space launch and reentry activities. The regulation provides standard definitions for key terms used throughout commercial space transportation regulations, including crew, payload, flight safety systems, abort procedures, and casualty areas, establishing the foundational terminology for FAA oversight of the commercial space industry.
Care and Use of Animals in the Conduct of NASA Activities
NASA regulation 14 CFR Part 1232 establishes policies for the care and use of vertebrate animals in NASA activities, including those conducted at NASA facilities, spacecraft, and through contracts with external entities. The regulation requires compliance with the Animal Welfare Act of 1966 and implements minimum standards of care and treatment for animals used in NASA research, testing, teaching, and hardware development.
Unavoidable Contaminants in Food for Human Consumption and Food-Packaging Material
21 CFR Part 109 establishes the regulatory framework for unavoidable contaminants in food and food-packaging materials. It defines naturally occurring versus added poisonous or deleterious substances, and authorizes the FDA to establish tolerances, regulatory limits, and action levels for contaminants. The regulation distinguishes between substances controlled as food additives under section 409 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and those managed through tolerance or action level mechanisms, with EPA typically controlling pesticide residues.
Current Good Manufacturing Practice in Manufacturing, Packaging, Labeling, or Holding Operations for Dietary Supplements
21 CFR Part 111 establishes Current Good Manufacturing Practice (CGMP) requirements for dietary supplement manufacturers, packagers, labelers, and distributors in the US. The regulation applies to all entities manufacturing or importing dietary supplements, with exemptions for retail-only storage. Key definitions include batch/lot identification, component specifications, in-process materials, and microorganism standards to ensure product identity, purity, strength, and composition.
Formal Evidentiary Public Hearing
This FDA regulation (21 CFR Part 12) establishes procedural rules for formal evidentiary public hearings before the FDA Commissioner. It covers initiation of proceedings for issuing, amending, or revoking regulations and orders related to food additives, color additives, drugs, medical devices, and biologics. The regulation specifies timelines for submitting petitions, objections, and hearing requests (typically 30 days), notification requirements, and incorporation of the Equal Access to Justice Act procedures for expense reimbursement.
General
This regulation establishes procedures for states and political subdivisions to petition the FDA for exemption from federal food labeling and composition preemption under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. States may request exemptions if their requirements do not conflict with federal law, do not unduly burden interstate commerce, and address specific information needs not met by federal requirements. Petitions must demonstrate state authority, preemption applicability, and that requirements differ from federal standards.
Current Good Manufacturing Practice in Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food
21 CFR Part 110 establishes current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) standards for manufacturing, packing, and holding human food. The regulation defines key terms including acid foods, critical control points, food-contact surfaces, microorganisms, pests, sanitization, and quality control operations. It sets mandatory requirements (indicated by "shall") and advisory procedures to prevent food adulteration and ensure food safety through proper manufacturing and sanitation practices.
Color Additive Certification
21 CFR Part 80 establishes the FDA's color additive certification procedures and fee schedules. Manufacturers must submit certification requests with prescribed samples and fees ($0.45/lb minimum $288 for straight colors; tiered fees for repacks). Requests require duplicate submission, responsible officer signature, and advance deposit option. The regulation governs batch certification, foreign manufacturer requirements, and refund procedures for advance deposits.
Regulation of Combination Products
21 CFR Part 4 establishes current good manufacturing practice (CGMP) requirements for combination products, which are products containing two or more constituent parts (drugs, devices, or biological products). The regulation clarifies how CGMP rules apply to both co-packaged and single-entity combination products, defines key terms, and outlines the regulatory framework for designing and implementing CGMP operating systems at manufacturing facilities.
Dietary Supplements That Present a Significant or Unreasonable Risk
This regulation designates dietary supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids as adulterated products under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act because they present an unreasonable risk of illness or injury under recommended or ordinary conditions of use.
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) Systems
21 CFR Part 120 establishes mandatory Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems for juice processing. The regulation requires all juice sold or used as a beverage ingredient to be processed according to HACCP requirements, with applicability phased in for small and very small businesses between 2002 and 2004. The rule defines key terms including critical control points, critical limits, food hazards, and control measures to prevent biological, chemical, and physical contamination risks.
Food Labeling
21 CFR Part 101 establishes federal requirements for food labeling on packaged products. It defines the principal display panel as the most prominently displayed label surface and specifies its measurement for rectangular, cylindrical, and irregularly shaped containers. The information panel must appear immediately contiguous to the principal display panel and contain required disclosures in conspicuous, legible text of at least one-sixteenth inch height. These provisions ensure consumers can readily access mandatory nutritional and ingredient information at retail.
Acidified Foods
21 CFR Part 114 establishes current good manufacturing practice requirements for acidified foods—low-acid foods to which acids are added to achieve a finished pH of 4.6 or below. Processors must employ quality control procedures and employ supervisory personnel trained in food handling, pH controls, and acidification. The regulation defines key terms including acidified foods, scheduled processes, and water activity, and exempts certain products like carbonated beverages, jams, and refrigerated foods from coverage.
Color Additives
21 CFR Part 70 establishes federal regulations governing color additives used in foods, drugs, and cosmetics under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. The regulation defines color additives as dyes, pigments, or synthetic substances capable of imparting color when added to food, drugs, cosmetics, or the human body, and clarifies exemptions for natural food ingredients and substances where color is incidental to primary function. The FDA's Color Certification Branch administers certification procedures for regulated color additives.
Listing of Certified Provisionally Listed Colors and Specifications
21 CFR Part 82 establishes specifications and certification requirements for provisionally listed coal-tar colors used in food, drugs, and cosmetics. The regulation defines key terms including alumina, blanc fixe, and gloss white, and sets permissible limits for impurities such as lead, arsenic, and heavy metals in straight colors and certifiable mixtures. It outlines requirements for batch composition, diluent safety, and certification procedures for color products intended for food, drug, and cosmetic applications.
Standards for the Growing, Harvesting, Packing, and Holding of Produce for Human Consumption
21 CFR Part 112 establishes standards for growing, harvesting, packing, and holding of produce for human consumption. It covers raw agricultural commodities including fruits, vegetables, and nuts grown domestically or imported into the US, with specific exemptions for produce rarely consumed raw, farm-direct consumption, and items undergoing commercial processing that reduces microorganisms of public health significance.
Thermally Processed Low-Acid Foods Packaged in Hermetically Sealed Containers
21 CFR Part 113 establishes regulatory requirements for thermally processed low-acid foods packaged in hermetically sealed containers. The regulation defines key concepts including commercial sterility, aseptic processing, critical factors, and equipment specifications to ensure microorganisms capable of reproducing under normal storage conditions are eliminated, protecting public health and maintaining product safety in shelf-stable food manufacturing.
Nutritional Quality Guidelines for Foods
21 CFR Part 104 establishes nutritional quality guidelines for foods, prescribing minimum nutrient levels for food classes. Products complying with guidelines may use a government-approved statement on labeling. The regulation prohibits misleading claims about nutritional differences and requires prominent declarations when nutrients are added at inappropriate levels or in excess of guideline maximums. It establishes uniform fortification principles to maintain desirable nutritional quality in the food supply while preventing random fortification that could cause nutrient imbalances.
Common or Usual Name for Nonstandardized Foods
This FDA regulation establishes requirements for the common or usual names of nonstandardized foods. Names must accurately describe the basic nature and characterizing properties of foods in simple, direct terms and be uniform across identical products. When characterizing ingredients materially affect price or consumer perception, their percentage must be declared on the principal display panel in specified font sizes and format. Presence or absence of key ingredients must also be disclosed when it could mislead consumers about the product's composition.
Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Hazard Analysis, and Risk-Based Preventive Controls for Human Food
21 CFR Part 117 establishes current good manufacturing practice (CGMP), hazard analysis, and risk-based preventive controls requirements for human food manufacturing, processing, packing, and holding facilities in the US. The regulation defines applicability, key food safety terms (including critical control points, allergen cross-contact, environmental pathogens), and compliance obligations under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to prevent adulteration and contamination.
Environmental Impact Considerations
21 CFR Part 25 establishes FDA procedures for implementing the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), requiring environmental impact assessments for major Federal actions related to FDA-regulated products including drugs, biologics, and medical devices. The regulation defines key NEPA terms and establishes supplemental procedures consistent with FDA's authority under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and Public Health Service Act.
Listing of Color Additives Subject to Certification
21 CFR Part 74 establishes regulations for certified color additives used in food, including dietary supplements. The regulation specifies identity requirements, purity specifications, permissible uses, and labeling standards for FD&C Blue No. 1 and FD&C Blue No. 2. These synthetic dyes must meet strict composition and contamination limits for volatile matter, impurities, heavy metals (chromium, manganese, arsenic, lead), and total color content, and all batches require certification per 21 CFR Part 80.
Administrative Practices and Procedures
21 CFR Part 10 establishes administrative practices and procedures governing petitions, hearings, and administrative proceedings conducted by the FDA under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and related laws. It defines key terms such as administrative action, administrative file, ex parte communication, and participant, and clarifies the applicability and scope of FDA administrative proceedings and related regulatory sections.
Listing of Color Additives Exempt from Certification
21 CFR Part 73 establishes permitted color additives exempt from FDA certification for food use, including diluents in color additive mixtures. It specifies GRAS substances and approved diluents for general food coloring, marking food supplements and produce, and coating shell eggs, with detailed specifications for substances like annatto extract including limits on arsenic and lead contamination.
Foods for Special Dietary Use
21 CFR Part 105 establishes regulatory requirements for foods marketed for special dietary uses, including those for medical conditions, specific age groups, and fortified products. The regulation defines labeling requirements for hypoallergenic foods, infant foods, and weight-management foods, mandating clear ingredient disclosure, allergen source identification, and processing information where applicable.
Color Additive Petitions
21 CFR Part 71 establishes the petition process for proposing color additives for use in foods, drugs, cosmetics, or human body coloring. Petitioners must submit detailed information including the additive's chemical identity, composition, physical and chemical properties, production methods, and safety data. Petitions require specification of intended uses, proposed conditions of use, and supporting toxicological and analytical data to demonstrate safety and suitability for FDA approval.
Good Laboratory Practice for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies
21 CFR Part 58 establishes Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) standards for nonclinical laboratory studies supporting FDA applications for regulated products including drugs, medical devices, biologics, food and color additives, and electronic products. The regulation ensures quality and integrity of safety data submitted under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and Public Health Service Act by defining requirements for test articles, control articles, study scope, and application types covered.
Infant Formula Requirements Pertaining to Current Good Manufacturing Practice, Quality Control Procedures, Quality Factors, Records and Reports, and Notifications
21 CFR Part 106 establishes current good manufacturing practice (cGMP), quality control, and quality factor requirements for infant formula manufacturers under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Manufacturers must comply with processing standards, quality factors, and record-keeping procedures; non-compliance renders formula adulterated. The regulation mandates manufacturer registration, submission, and notification to the FDA.
Macaroni and Noodle Products
21 CFR Part 139 establishes standards of identity and labeling requirements for macaroni and noodle products. It defines macaroni, spaghetti, and vermicelli based on shape and diameter, specifies permitted optional ingredients including egg white, disodium phosphate, seasonings, salt, gum gluten, and glyceryl monostearate with quantitative limits, and requires labeling statements disclosing optional ingredients used in the finished product.
Frozen Desserts
21 CFR Part 135 establishes federal standards for frozen desserts, particularly ice cream and frozen custard. Ice cream must contain minimum 10% milkfat and 10% nonfat milk solids, weigh at least 4.5 pounds per gallon with 1.6 pounds of total solids, and contain less than 1.4% egg yolk solids (except frozen custard at 1.4% minimum). Products must be made from pasteurized mixes heated to specified temperatures and may include optional dairy ingredients, sweeteners, and safe flavoring ingredients.
Milk and Cream
21 CFR Part 131 establishes standards of identity and labeling requirements for milk and cream products in the US. The regulation defines milk as lacteal secretion from healthy cows with minimum 8.25% milk solids not fat and 3.25% milkfat, requiring pasteurization or ultra-pasteurization for beverage use. Cream must contain at least 18% milkfat. The standards specify optional vitamin A and D fortification, permitted ingredients including fruit flavoring and stabilizers, and analytical methods for verifying composition, with detailed nomenclature and labeling requirements.
Cacao Products
21 CFR Part 163 establishes standards for cacao products, including specifications for cacao nibs. The regulation prescribes analytical methods for determining shell and fat content, defines cacao nibs as shelled cacao beans with maximum 1.75% shell content, permits optional alkali processing and neutralizing agents within specified limits, and requires labeling statements identifying processing methods used.
Indirect Food Additives: General
21 CFR Part 174 establishes general regulatory provisions for indirect food additives—substances used in food-contact articles such as packaging and processing equipment. It defines good manufacturing practice requirements, including limits on additive migration into food and purity standards for components. The regulation permits use of substances generally recognized as safe, those with prior approval, and those meeting negligible migration thresholds, provided they comply with all applicable Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act provisions.
Food Additives Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption
21 CFR Part 172 establishes regulations for food additives permitted for direct addition to human food. The regulation prescribes general provisions requiring additives be used only in quantities necessary to achieve their intended effect and meet food-grade standards. Subpart B details specific approvals, including anoxomer (CAS 60837-57-2), a polymeric antioxidant permitted for use in fats and oils up to 5,000 ppm, subject to defined purity, molecular weight, and heavy metal specifications.
Canned Fruit Juices
21 CFR Part 146 establishes federal standards for canned fruit juices, including definitions of ingredients (corn syrup, dextrose, glucose syrup, invert sugar, refined sugar) and compliance procedures. It specifies sampling and acceptance criteria for quality and container fill, with detailed lot definitions and defective unit classifications. The regulation includes specific identity standards for lemon juice requiring mechanical extraction from mature lemons with minimum soluble solids content.
Indirect Food Additives: Adjuvants, Production Aids, and Sanitizers
21 CFR Part 178 establishes regulations for indirect food additives used as adjuvants, production aids, and sanitizers. It permits hydrogen peroxide solution (max 35% by weight) to sterilize food-contact polymeric surfaces with residue limits not exceeding 0.5 ppm, and allows sanitizing solutions containing hypochlorite compounds on food-processing equipment and utensils, subject to adequate drainage before food contact.
Processing and Bottling of Bottled Drinking Water
21 CFR Part 129 establishes current good manufacturing practice requirements for processing and bottling of bottled drinking water. The regulation mandates that facilities use approved water sources, maintain sanitary conditions throughout processing, bottling, holding, and shipping, and implement controls ensuring product safety. Key requirements include plant construction standards with separated bottling rooms, proper ventilation, enclosed container washing areas, and use of nontoxic materials for water-contact surfaces.
Canned Vegetables
21 CFR Part 155 establishes standards for canned vegetables, including procedures for determining drained weight, quality compliance, fill of container, and sampling/acceptance criteria. The regulation defines lot compliance based on defect limits, establishes sampling plans and acceptance numbers, and specifies color measurement standards using Munsell color discs for products like tomato concentrates.
Substances Generally Recognized as Safe
21 CFR Part 182 establishes FDA regulations for substances generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for use in food. The regulation defines GRAS status, outlines good manufacturing practice requirements including quantity restrictions and food-grade purity standards, and lists approved food ingredients such as spices, essential oils, natural extractives, and synthetic flavoring substances that may be used in accordance with the established guidelines.