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Carbon Credit Trading Scheme, 2023
On 28 June 2023, the Ministry of Power enacted a Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (“CCTS”), which is set to take effect by 2025-2026. The Government has identified nine energy-intensive sectors for inclusion under the CCTS, including Refinery and Petrochemicals. The CCTS introduces…
National Energy Policy
Pursuant to Indonesia’s 2014 National Energy Policy, the Indonesian Government has set certain targets for diversifying Indonesia’s primary energy mix by 2050. Under the Policy, the role of oil should be less than 25% by 2025 and less than 20% by 2050, the role of natural gas…
MEMR Regulation No. 17 of 2021 on the Implementation of Flare Management in Oil and Gas Activities
In 2021, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources ("MEMR") issued MEMR Regulation No. 17 of 2021 on the Implementation of Flare Management in Oil and Gas Activities (“Flaring Regulation”), which prescribes certain requirements with respect to flaring during oil and gas…
MEMR Regulation No. 15 of 2018 on Post-Operation Activities in the Upstream Oil and Gas Sector
The MEMR Regulation No. 15 of 2018 on Post-Operation Activities in the Upstream Oil and Gas Sector (“Post-Operation Activities Regulation”) imposes certain requirements on upstream oil and gas operators with respect to abandonment and site restoration. This Regulation specifies…
Law on Mineral and Coal Mining
Under the Mineral and Coal Mining Law, coal mining operators have a general obligation to manage and monitor the mining environment, including reclamation and post-mining activities (Article 96). Operators are required to submit a reclamation and post-mining plan at the time of…
MEMR Regulation No. 30 of 2021 on Procedures for Determining the Allocation, Utilization and Pricing of Flare Gas
In 2021, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (“MEMR”) issued MEMR Regulation No. 30 of 2021 on Procedures for Determining the Allocation, Utilization and Pricing of Flare Gas , which establishes certain standards for the pricing and utilization of gas that would…
Presidential Regulation No. 98 on the Implementation of Carbon Pricing to Achieve the Nationally Determined Contribution Target and Control over Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the National Development
In 2021, Indonesia’s President issued Presidential Regulation No. 98 on the Implementation of Carbon Pricing to Achieve the Nationally Determined Contribution Target and Control over Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the National Development (“Carbon Pricing Regulation”), which…
MEMR Regulation No. 22 of 2019 on Guidelines for the Implementation of Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Mitigation in the Energy Sector
Pursuant to MEMR Regulation No. 22 of 2019 on Guidelines for the Implementation of Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Mitigation in the Energy Sector, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (“MEMR”) is required to conduct an annual inventory of GHG emissions for the energy…
Environmental Protection and Management Law
The Environmental Protection and Management Law, lays down various regulations in relation to environmental protection, as set out below: The Law requires the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (“MEF”) to develop a National Environmental Protection and Management Plan, which…
Global Methane Pledge
Indonesia has joined the Global Methane Pledge, which commits participants to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. Participating countries further commit to take comprehensive domestic actions to move towards the…
Global Initiative to Reduce Gas Flaring: “Zero Routine Flaring by 2030”
In April 2015, thirty-six governments around the world endorsed the World Bank's Global Initiative to Reduce Gas Flaring, committing themselves to ending the practice of routine gas flaring by 2030. The endorsing countries account for approximately 60% of total global gas…
Law on Investment, 2007
The Law on Investment of 2007 provides that any investor who exploits non-renewable natural resources (including oil, gas and coal) is required to allocate funds for environmental restoration (Article
Environmental Fund Management Agency - Government Regulation No. 46 of 2017 on Environmental Economic Instruments
In 2019, the Indonesian Government established the Environmental Fund Management Agency. This Agency, which is also known as the Indonesian Environmental Fund, is responsible for mobilizing and managing funding for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Among other…
2023 Nationally Determined Contribution
Pursuant to its 2023 Nationally Determined Contribution (“NDC”) under the Paris Agreement, Azerbaijan has committed to a 40% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050 compared to 1990 levels, conditional on international support (e.g., financing, technology transfer and capacity…
Strategy for Socio-Economic Development for 2022–2026
Azerbaijan’s Strategy for Socio-Economic Development for 2022–2026 sets out various measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Azerbaijan, including: the development of an improved greenhouse gases inventory; the development of a Monitoring, Measurement, Reporting and…
Law on Atmospheric Air Protection
Under the Law on Atmospheric Air Protection, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources ("MENR") is required to issue standards on atmospheric air quality (Article 9) and maximum emission levels for the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere (Article 10). Further,…
Law on Energy
Under the Law on Energy, energy operators are required to take measures to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere as part of their activities (Article
Law on Environmental Protection
Under the Law on Environmental Protection, the Government of Azerbaijan has authority to grant subsidies for environmental protection (Article 25). The Law also directs the Azerbaijan Government to create a State Fund for Environmental Protection, to be financed from…
Regulations on Procedures for the Application of Environmental Pollution Payments
Under the Law on Atmospheric Air Protection, entities that release harmful substances into the atmosphere are required to pay a fee for such release (Article 21). Pursuant to the Regulations on Procedures for the Application of Environmental Pollution Payments (as amended in…
Global Methane Pledge
Azerbaijan has joined the Global Methane Pledge, which commits participants to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. Participating countries further commit to take comprehensive domestic actions to move towards the…
Methane Alert and Response System
The Methane Alert and Response System (MARS) is a global satellite detection and notification system providing actionable data on methane emissions around the world. Azerbaijan has designated a focal point to receive MARS notifications of super-emission events detected by…
Azerbaijan and European Bank for Reconstruction and Development MoU
In December 2022, Azerbaijan signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development to support the development of a low-carbon and climate-resilient power sector, including methane emissions
2022–2040 National Energy Policy
Under its 2022–2040 National Energy Policy, Malaysia has announced its intention to set national limits and commit to zero continuous flaring and venting to reduce upstream GHG
Malaysia–Thailand Joint Authority Procedures for Production Operations
Malaysia and Thailand have signed the Malaysia–Thailand Joint Authority Procedures for Production Operations (“Production Procedures”). The Production Procedures apply to oil and gas exploration within the “Malaysia–Thailand Joint Development Area”, a 7,250 km square area in the…
Petroleum (Safety Measures) (Transportation of Petroleum by Pipelines) Regulations
The Petroleum (Safety Measures) (Transportation of Petroleum by Pipelines) Regulations provide that the design, fabrication, installation, testing and maintenance of petroleum and gas pipelines must comply with the requirements of the American National Standards Institute’s…
Global Methane Pledge
Malaysia has joined the Global Methane Pledge, which commits participants to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. Participating countries further commit to take comprehensive domestic actions to move towards the highest…
Methane Alert and Response System
The Methane Alert and Response System (MARS) is a global satellite detection and notification system providing actionable data on methane emissions around the world. Malaysia has designated a focal point to receive MARS notifications of super-emission events detected by…
PETRONAS Methane Emissions Reduction Pledge
In its capacity as the regulator of Malaysia’s upstream oil and gas sector, PETRONAS has pledged to reduce methane emissions in Malaysia’s natural gas value chain by 50% by 2030 compared to 2019 levels. This is intended to assist Malaysia to achieve its pledge of reducing…
Tokyo Cap-and-Trade Programme
Tokyo has a Cap-and-Trade Programme since 2010 that covers large facilities that annually use 1,500 kL or more of energy in terms of crude oil equivalent. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has prescribed compliance targets for reduction in GHG emissions (including methane) by…
Recommended Guideline for Greenhouse Gas and Carbon Intensity Accounting Frameworks for LNG/Hydrogen/Ammonia Projects
In 2023, the Japan Energy and Metals National Corporation ('JOGMEC') issued the Recommended Guideline for Greenhouse Gas and Carbon Intensity Accounting Frameworks for LNG/Hydrogen/Ammonia Projects (“CI Guideline”). The guideline suggests a transparent method for calculating GHG…
Global Observing Satellite (GOSAT) Series
Japan has launched the Global Observing SATellite (GOSAT) series to observe the concentration of carbon dioxide and methane from space. The series consists of GOSAT (launched in 2009), GOSAT-2 (launched in 2018), and GOSAT-GW (to be launched in 2025). The satellites are intended…
Global Methane Pledge
Japan has joined the Global Methane Pledge, which commits participants to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030. Participating countries further commit to take comprehensive domestic actions to move towards the highest…
Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)
In 2012, the governments of Bangladesh, Canada, Ghana, Mexico, Sweden and the United States, along with UNEP jointly formed the Climate and Clean Air Coalition ('CCAC') to treat short-lived climate pollutants, such as methane, black carbon, tropospheric ozone, and…
Joint Statement on LNG importers’ initiative alliance for methane mitigation from the LNG value chain
On 6 October 2024, Japan made a joint statement with the European Commission committing to pursue collective efforts and implement measures to reduce methane emissions in the LNG value chain, including by cooperation on knowledge sharing of technologies and MRV, aligning the…
World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases
The World Data Centre for Greenhouse Gases (WDCGG) is a World Data Centre (WDC) operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) under the Global Atmosphere Watch programme of the World Meteorological Organization. WDCGG collects, archives and distributes data provided by…
Southeast Asia METEC (The Methane Emissions Technology Evaluation Center)
In June 2023, JOGMEC and Malaysia’s national oil and gas company (PETRONAS) announced the establishment of a methane emissions technology evaluation center (METEC) to promote cooperation for mitigating methane emissions in the ASEAN region. The facility is set to provide support…
Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia (WGIA)
Japan (through the Ministry of the Environment) has organised the Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia (WGIA) since 2003 to assist countries in the Asian region with improving the quality of their GHG inventories and building capacity for inventory preparation by…
Asia-Pacific Integrated Model (AIM)
Asia-Pacific Integrated Model (AIM) is a large-scale computer simulation model developed by the (Japan) National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) in collaboration with Asian researchers, to assess policy options for stabilizing the global climate and reducing GHG…
Asia Zero Emission Community (AZEC)
Asia Zero Emission Community (AZEC) is an initiative proposed by Japan in 2022 and launched by 11 countries (Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam) in 2023 to promote decarbonization in Asia.…
GX: Green Transformation Policy: Emissions Trading System (ETS)
The Green Transformation (GX) ETS was introduced in 2023 as a voluntary baseline-and-credit system, with 570 companies joining the initiative. The voluntary phase (Phase I) is expected to last up to the end of 2025, and will become a mandatory ETS from 2026 onwards. Under the…
Decarbonised Infrastructure, Joint-Credit Mechanism
The Ministry of Environment is strengthening public-private partnerships through the development of Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM), allowing GHG emission reductions to be realized in partner countries to successfully achieve Japan’s emissions reduction goal. The instrument…
Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures
Enactment of the Act in 1998 : In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was adopted at the 3rd Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). In October of the following year of 1998, the Act on Promotion of Global Warming…
Environmental Quality Act, 1974
This regulation instates a Director General for Environmental Quality ("DGEQ"), responsible for coordinating all activities related to the discharge of wastes into the environment, being in charge of pollution control and with the objective of enhancing environmental quality. It…
National Battery Strategy
The National Battery Strategy outlines Australia's plan to develop a globally competitive battery industry by 2035, leveraging the country's natural advantages to strengthen economic resilience and support the transition to renewable energy. Australia aims to move beyond mining…
Global Methane Initiative
Launched in 2004, the Global Methane Initiative (GMI) presently includes forty-eight Partner Countries. The GMI seeks to find ways for abating and harnessing methane emissions from various sectors, including oil, gas and coal. The GMI builds on the existing structure and…
Environment Protection Rules 1986
This regulation stablishes standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants and requires annual environmental statements from companies holding associated authorizations. Furthermore, it defines that all gaseous emissions from oil facilities must be flared.…
Deliberations by the Energy Regulation Commission on the tariffs for natural gas transmission networks, LNG terminals and gas storage system
The Energy Code empowers the Energy Regulation Commission (CRE) to define the methodology for establishing tariffs for the use of natural gas transmission networks, gas storage facilities and LNG terminals. CRE can make changes to the tariff levels and structure deemed justified…
Supplementary Notice of the Interim Administration: Measures for Special Funds of Renewable Energy Development
An initial version of the Measures for Special Funds of Renewable Energy Development came into effect in April 2015. In June 2019, the Ministry of Finance published a supplementary notice providing revised guidance regarding related subsidies. The supplementary notice supports…
(Victoria) Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Act 2010
This Act establishes the requirement to pay royalties for petroleum by licensees. The law stipulates that royalties are not payable in respect of petroleum that, with the approval of the Minister, is flared or vented in connection with operations for the recovery of
(Tasmania) Mineral Resources Regulations 2016
Outlines the schedule for royalties on the amount of coal seam gas and petroleum products produced at the well-head as well as record keeping and reporting on quantity, quality, sales and profit information for the regulated resource. For each $100 of the gross value of coal…